Start your career in the Victorian Government graduate program and find work with purpose.
Career progression is strictly defined in the same department. With switching departments offering a faster rate of progression. Alternatively moving from the public to private sector will enable even faster career progression at an early stage, if desired.
It takes applying for jobs to move up the ranks, or wait for your manager or coworker to leave and take their place. There is no real progression inside your job, except 0.0.1 bands. VPS 3.1 -> VPS 4.1 requires having the role reclassified as a higher role or applying for a different job. Generally things don't get reclassified except during job cuts or restructures, and it's usually to reclassify down so VPS 4 -> VPS 3. However, there are many job opportunities in different departments through the JSE (Jobs and Skills Exchange) website, so I've heard many stories of people getting higher roles pretty easily. Just have to be flexible in leaving your current team / department and moving to where the priority areas are.